What Is Critical Race Theory

Critical race theory (CRT) is a school of thought meant to emphasize the effects of race on ones social standing. It arose as a challenge to the idea that in the two decades since the Civil Rights Movement and associated legislation, racial inequality had been solved and affirmative action was no longer necessary. CRT continues to be an influential body of legal and academic literature that has made its way into more public, non-academic writing. Key Takeaways: Critical Race Theory Critical race theory was a response by legal scholars to the idea that the United States had become a color-blind society where racial inequality/discrimination was no longer in effect.While race as a notion is a social construction and not rooted in biology, it has had real, tangible effects on African Americans and other people of color in terms of economic resources, educational and professional opportunities, and experiences with the legal system.Critical race theory has inspired various other sub-fields, such as LatCrit, AsianCrit, queer crit, and critical whiteness studies. Definition and Origins of Critical Race Theory Coined by legal scholar Kimberlà © Crenshaw in the late 1980s, the term critical race theory first emerged as a challenge to the idea that the United States had become a color-blind society where ones racial identity no longer had an effect on ones social or economic status. Just two decades after the accomplishments of the Civil Rights Movement, many politicians and institutions were co-opting the aspirational, color-blind language of Martin Luther King, Jr.—i.e., the idea that we should judge someone on the content of his character rather than the color of his skin—while omitting the more critical aspects of his speeches that emphasized discrimination and economic inequality. There were also beginning to be attacks on affirmative action policies, with conservative politicians arguing that they were no longer needed. CRT as a school of thought is designed to highlight the ways that supposedly color-blind laws have allowed racial oppression and inequality to continue despite the outlawing of segregation. CRT originated among legal scholars like Derrick Bell, Kimberlà © Crenshaw, and Richard Delgado, who argued that racism and white supremacy were defining elements of the American legal system—and of American society writ large—despite language related to equal protection. Early proponents argued for a contextual, historicized analysis of the law that would challenge seemingly neutral concepts like meritocracy and objectivity, which, in practice, tend to reinforce white supremacy. The fight against oppression of people of color was a major goal of early critical race theorists; in other words, they sought to change the status quo, not just critique it. Finally, CRT was interdisciplinary, drawing on a wide range of scholarly ideologies, including feminism, Marxism, and postmodernism. Derrick Bell is often thought of as the forefather of CRT. He made important theoretical contributions, such as arguing that the landmark civil rights case Brown v. Board of Education was a result of the self-interest of elite whites instead of a desire to desegregate schools and improve education for black children. However, Bell also critiqued the field of law itself, highlighting the exclusionary practices at elite schools such as Harvard Law School, where he was on faculty. He even resigned from his position to protest Harvards failure to hire female faculty of color. Other early important figures were Alan Freeman and Richard Delgado. Black feminists have been particularly influential proponents of CRT. Beyond coming up with the name of the field, Crenshaw is even more well-known for coining the now-very-fashionable term intersectionality, meant to highlight the multiple and overlapping systems of oppression that women of color (in addition to queer people of color, immigrants of color, etc.) face that make their experience different from that of white womens. Patricia Williams and Angela Harris have also made important contributions to CRT. Race as a Social Construct The notion that race is a social construct essentially means that race has no scientific basis or biological reality. Instead, race as a way to differentiate human beings is a social concept, a product of human thought, that is innately hierarchical. Of course, this does not mean that there are no physical or phenotypical differences between people from different regions of the world. However, these differences make up a fraction of our genetic endowment and do not tell us anything about a persons intelligence, behavior, or moral capacity. In other words, there is no behavior or personality that is inherent to white, black, or Asian people. In Critical Race Theory: An Introduction, Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic state, That society frequently chooses to ignore these scientific truths, creates races, and endows them with pseudo-permanent characteristics is of great interest to critical race theory. While race is a social construct, this does not mean that it hasnt had real, tangible effects on people. The impact of the notion (as opposed to the reality) of race is that black, Latino, and indigenous people have for centuries been thought of as less intelligent and rational than white people. Ideas about racial difference were used by Europeans during the colonial period to subjugate non-whites and force them into subservient roles. This socially constructed notion of race, which was used to exercise and reinforce white supremacy, was the backbone of Jim Crow legislation in the South, which relied on the one-drop rule in order to separate people by race. Race as an idea continues to have a wide range of effects with respect to educational outcomes, criminal justice, and within other institutions. Applications of Critical Race Theory CRT has been expanded to various fields within and beyond law. Two offshoots are Latina/o Critical Theory—whose leading scholars include Francisco Valdes and Elizabeth Iglesias—and AsianCrit, whose proponents include Mari Matsuda and Robert S. Chang. LatCrit in particular has relied heavily on queer theory and feminism, and both of these variants address issues relevant to the Latinx and Asian populations in the U.S., such as immigration and language barriers. In this way, CRT has many overlaps with and is often a defining feature of Ethnic Studies programs in many colleges and universities. CRT scholars have also turned their attention to a critique of whiteness, the ways it is socially constructed (as opposed to the standard by which all other groups should be measured), and how its definition has expanded or contracted historically. For example, various European groups—such as Irish and Jewish immigrants—were originally racialized as non-white when they began arriving in large numbers in the United States. These groups were eventually able to assimilate into whiteness or become white, largely by distancing themselves from African Americans and adopting the Anglo mainstreams racist attitudes toward them. Scholars like David Roediger, Ian Haney Là ³pez, and George Lipsitz have all contributed important scholarship to critical whiteness studies. Sub-fields of CRT focusing on gender identity and sexual orientation have also emerged in recent decades. Some of the most important scholars fusing CRT with feminist theory are featured in the anthology Critical Race Feminism: A Reader. As should be evident, there are many overlaps between critical race feminism and intersectionality, as both focus on the overlapping and multiple marginalizations of women of color. Similarly queer crit, as theorized by scholars like Mitsunori Misawa, examines the intersections of non-white identity and queerness. Apart from the legal field, education is where CRT has had the largest impact, specifically in terms of the ways race (and often class) intersect to create worse outcomes for black and Latino students. CRT has also become a more influential ideology in the new millennium as the scholars of color who were its first proponents have been tenured at major American law schools. Criticisms Crenshaw (in Valdes et al., 2002) and Delgado and Stefancic (2012) detail the opposition to CRT in the 1990s, principally from neo-conservative opponents of affirmative action who saw CRT scholars as leftist radicals, and even accused them of anti-Semitism. Critics felt the legal storytelling movement, an approach focusing on stories by people of color and used by CRT law scholars to challenge dominant narratives, was not a rigorous method of analysis. These critics also objected to the notion that people of color were more knowledgeable about their own experiences and thus, better equipped to represent them than were white writers. Finally, critics of CRT were suspicious of the movements tendency to question the existence of an objective truth. Notions like truth, objectivity, and meritocracy are all challenged by CRT scholars, who point out the often invisible workings of white supremacy, for example, the ways whites have always enjoyed a form of affirmative action within higher ed ucation through policies like legacy admissions. Sources Crenshaw, Kimberlà ©, Neil Gotanda, Gary Peller, and Kendall Thomas, editors. Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings that Formed the Movement. New York: The New Press, 1995.Delgado, Richard, and Jean Stefancic, editors. Critical Race Theory: An Introduction, 2nd ed. New York: New York University Press, 2012.Hill-Collins, Patricia, and John Solomos, editors. The SAGE Handbook of Race and Ethnic Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2010.Valdes, Francisco, Jerome McCristal Culp, and Angela P. Harris, editors. Crossroads, Directions, and a New  Critical Race Theory. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2002.

Main Characters In Brave New World - 1036 Words

Aldous Huxley wrote the book Brave New World, which was originally published in 1932. Throughout the story, many characters are introduced but some of the main characters are the Director of the Hatcheries and Conditioning (Known as Tomakin and D.H.C.), Lenina Crowne, Bernard Marx, Henry Foster, Mustapha Mond, and John the Savage. At the beginning of the book, D.H.C. is taking student on a tour of the Central London Hatchery and Conditioning Centre, while he explains the conditioning process and introduces a few of the main characters such as, Henry Foster and Lenina Crowne. Early on in the the book, soma is introduced, which is a drug that is taken everyday that the government uses to keep people from speaking freely. While in the†¦show more content†¦Before the egg even becomes fertilized, the life of the human is already set in stone. Once the the humans’ place in the caste system is decided, they are conditioned to be happy with their life and act like what is exp ected of their caste. In this world the conditioning leaves almost no room to be unique, and as soon as you become unique, you are simply an outcast. Being an outcast in the world of Brave New World is simply unacceptable, and the cure to this problem is soma. Soma is a drug that is taken on a daily basis, even is taken multiple times a day, to keep a person calm and happy. It is expected of everyone to take soma, and even in the higher classes of the caste system, people can’t wait to take it. When Lenina and Bernard first arrived to the savage reservation, they went to a native dance at the pueblo, which proved to be too much for the soma-less Lenina. â€Å"A gramme is better than a damn,† said Lenina mechanically from behind her hands. â€Å"I wish I had my soma!† (116) Later on after Lenina and Bernard got back to the rest house, Lenina took six half-gramme tablets of soma and ended up in the soma-holiday state for seven hours. Lenina could not wait to take the soma that she left at the rest house because her experience at the pueblo was distressful for her. Lenina could not understand the lifestyle of the people in the Savage Reservation, which led to her anxiety and feeling as if she could not fit in. For some people though, suchShow MoreRelatedBrave New World: A Struggle Between the Genius and the Mediocre931 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Æ' After the publishing of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, modern literature has changed forever. It is considered a masterpiece and one of the pillars of the dystopian novel. However, both of those affirmations can be called into question. The former based on a subjective opinion of a reader and the latter through compromising its dystopian nature. Similarly to George Orwell’s novels, the main appeal of Brave New World is within the ideas it contains, not within its literary merits. Huxley’s talentRead MoreBrave New World and Anthem Comparison Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesThe Government’s Different Ways of Controlling People In both Brave New World and Anthem the underlying themes are very similar. The government controls every aspect of people’s lives, everyone is supposed to be perfectly happy with what role they are given, and the main character do not fit into what the government was deemed normal. While both books have these very similar traits, there are many differences as well; the way the government controls the people, as well as the form of governmentRead MoreBrave New World Exploration And Extension1347 Words   |  6 PagesDanielle Newman Camille Hensley Coach Hansen British Literature August 7, 2015 Brave New World Exploration and Extension Aldous Huxley was born in Surrey, England on July 26, 1894. He came from a family already intertwined with a love of writing and philosophy. His grandfather was already credited with introducing Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution to the public. Huxley’s mother was the niece of Matthew Arnold, a poet who focused on commonly debated moral themes in his works. Needless to sayRead MoreA Brave New World vs. 1984991 Words   |  4 PagesA Brave New World vs. 1984 There are many similarities and differences between Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World and George Orwells 1984. With my analysis of both novels, I have come to the conclusion that they are not as alike as you would believe. A Brave New World is a novel about the struggle of John, ‘the savage, who rejects the society of the Brave New World when and discovers that he could never be truly happy there. 1984 is a novel about Winston, who finds forbidden loveRead More Free Brave New World Essays: Huxley and Shakespeare540 Words   |  3 Pages In Aldous Huxleys â€Å"Brave New World, allusions to William Shakespeare and his works emphasize the contrast between the Brave New World and the world in Shakespeares time and even the current time period. Enhancing the works meaning, the allusions and characters reactions to the allusions reveal the positive and negative aspects of our society today. The main characters in Brave New World, Lenina Crowne, Henry Foster, and Bernard Marx, live in a futuristic world where babies are massRead MoreEssay about 1984 and Brave New World1304 Words   |  6 Pages1984 and Brave New World Undoubtedly, the thought of living in, or forming a utopian society has flashed through nearly every person’s mind. A few people have even tried to make this ideal dream society a reality. Unfortunately, within the pursuit of these societies the leaders become corrupt and begin to become paranoid with the fear of rebellion. Hundreds of people were murdered during the reigns of Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin in what they considered measures to maintain peace and stabilityRead MoreComparison of A Brave New World and 1984 Essay642 Words   |  3 Pagesof A Brave New World and 1984 A Brave New World is a story about Bernard Marx, who rejects his society because he finds that he is not satisfied with living a controlled life. 1984 is a story about Winston who finds forbidden love within the restrictions of his society. These books are both in the same genre, so they can be easily compared and contrasted. The main similarities in the two pieces are the topics of the novels, the endings of the books, the nature of the characters, theRead MoreAldous Huxley s Brave New World1564 Words   |  7 Pages Envision a world where everybody is happy, there is no sorrow or suffering, no fear of death, no misery, everything is pleasant, and the government doles out happy pills, known as Soma. Aldous Huxley’s novel â€Å"Brave New World† describes this world. Is everyone truly happy, and what do the citizens sacrifice in exchange for living in this utopia? Huxley helped shape the modern mind with provocative theories about humankind s destiny, and he was concerned with the possible social and moral implicationsRead MoreEssay Compare and Contrast Themes of Brave New World and 19841174 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by George Orwell and Brave New World penned by Aldous Huxley both possess similar topics and themes. In both novels societies are striving for a utopia, or a perfect society. These novels also take place in so cieties with versions of totalitarian governments, which is a government that rules by coercion. Not only are the topics similar, but in both novels a rebellious character is the protagonist; Winston Smith from 1984 and John the Savage in Brave New World. 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The Demographic Transition Model Analysis - 1208 Words

In 2050, Argentina will be in stage four of the demographic transition model. This proposes that the population growth will be approach zero, and Argentina will sustain an unvarying population. Most of Europe, Japan, and the United States are perpetually in stage four. Argentina will then be considered a developed country with most people in the working age group, with a tumbling birth rate. This can be seen in the 2050 graph when the sides of the â€Å"pyramid† begin to straighten out or become inverted all together. Eventually in the future, as the birth rate maintains a steady decline and fewer children are being born, pronatalist policies will have to be put in motion. As the population becomes older, there will not be enough working†¦show more content†¦Based on this rate, Argentina seems to have a good quality of living as well as a fair economic stature and education system. With a crude birth rate at 19 and a crude death rate at 8, it can be inferred that Ar gentina takes care of its elderly and helps young couples plan for their family. With this understanding of the rate of natural increase, one could look at Argentina’s infant mortality rate as another positive demographic indicator. Infant mortality rate depicts the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1,000 births within a country. Argentina has an infant mortality rate of 11.7 based on the 2013 World Population Data Sheet, which is very low compared to the world average of 40 (9). Even though Argentina’s infant mortality rate (IMR) is lower than the world’s average, it is not as low as one may think when looking at their population of 41.3 million people. This means that nearly 826,000 babies under the age of one have died within their first year. On the other hand, the infant mortality rate of Argentina is much lower than the majority of Africa and parts of Asia, which suggests that Argentina has a sufficient healthcare and education system for women (2013 World Population Data Sheet, 9). If the infant mortality rate is high, which in Argentina’s case it is not, it would be a good indicator that the country most likely lives in poverty and does notShow MoreRelatedMe xico s Demographic Transition : Public Policy And Spatial Process1618 Words   |  7 PagesMartin, P. H. (2000). Mà ©xico s demographic transition: Public policy and spatial process. Population and Environment, 21(4), 363- 383. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=8682dba3-0cfb-4608-bc36- 42cf5849d36e@sessionmgr111vid=16hid=116 This article presents a case study on the demographic transition of Mexico using crude birth rates and crude death rates from 1899-1993 at five year intervals. 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Analyzing Forces on Amusement Park †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Analyzing Forces on Amusement Park. Answer: Introduction: The Amusement Parks offers leisure facilities like shows, water rides, themed exhibits, mechanical rides, refreshment stands along with other attractions. They represent a major portion of the business in the United States and helps in generation of revenue of around $15.4 dollars. However, the Amusement Park Industry in recent times faced decline in revenue and attendance in the period of economic recession (McC1ung, 2012). This industry also heavily relies on declining demographic. The essay thus focuses on corporate strategy, business strategy and operational tactical strategy of Six Flags that is a major operator of theme park. There is also a SWOT analysis done on the Six Flags Entertainment Corporation. The essay also provides an example of Ferrari World Abu Dhabi that is an amusement park located on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates The entertainment industry is gradually gaining a prominence and thereby investments in entertainment projects have been undertaken. Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi is one such amusement park built for the purpose of entertainment. The emergence of Six Flags has also been reason for a similar purpose. Six Flags also known as an amusement park corporation is a part of the entertainment industry and takes up measures for ensuring maximum entertainment to the visitors. The company however maintains thrill parks, water parks, family entertainment centre and theme parks for the purpose of entertaining maximum number of people. Six Flags also known as Six Flags Entertainment Corporation is responsible for the operation of major theme park. In addition, the organization also takes initiative in operating water and safari parks. The organization thus maintains six major regional parks around United States and one park in Canada and Mexico respectively (Sixflags.com, 2017). This is quite similar to Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, an amusement part in the United Arab Emirates. The parks offered by Six Flags are a combination of state of the art children ride, thrill ride, concessions and choreographed shows. The company has recently emerged from the state if bankruptcy through implementation of new management followed by a retrenchment strategy. The mission statement of the company represents the reason for its existence. The mission of the company thus focuses on surrounding the finest ride of the world with entertainment from field of theatre, sports, music, television and film (About Six Flags Over Texas | Six Flags Over Texas, 2017). Thus, it is an operator of amusement park whose focus is primarily on thrilling and new rides mostly surrounded by characters, activities and shows. The company has adopted various short term and long-term objectives that it plans to accomplish over the coming two years. The short term goals include of Six Flag included development of the sports bars, opening of cafes, ensuring new attractions at every park. Six Flags aims to open bars not only equipped with drinks and food but also make twenty-two flat screen television available for playing a variety of sports around the world (Six Flags' New CEO Outlines Strategy, 2017). The organization also undertakes opening of cafes that contained healthier options. To be in a position like to Ferrari World Abu Dhabi, Six Flags have undertaken major renovations and have made certain expansions for enhancing its portfolio. The long-term goals of the company are also worth a mention. The company has applied for a licensing deal with Meraas Leisure and Entertainment of Emirates for creation of a park in Dubai that would carry the name of Six Flag. The company also went into agreement with Riv erside Investment Group that will enable the trademark of the company licensed in six of the parks in China slated for opening. Business Strategy Formulation Six Flags in order to move forward with its mission focuses in four major areas (Marketrealist.com. 2017). This includes, undertaking investment in the process of innovation, ensuring transition to a brand that is regional and change in the pricing of tickets. Six flag have its operations in markets that are geographically diverse. Thus, to ensure flexibility for responding to local conditions, the park considered as a separate entity controlled by a general manager. A locally appointed management team consists of senior personnel responsible for maintenance and operations, human resource, marketing and promotion, finance and merchandizing. The management team of the individual park also takes up the task of ticket sales, community relations, local advertising and training and hiring of personnel. The general manager of each park reports to the regional executive vice president of the company who then directly reports to the CEO of the company. The company also has an Executive Vice President who holds the responsibility of in-park and retail spending in all the parks. However, the Six Flag parks remain open daily including memorial as well as Labor Day. The parks also remain in operation not only during weekends but also during peak seaso n while keeping pace with themed events. Six Flag faces limited direct competition that proves to be beneficial for the park. Higher capital investment, longer developed lead timing and the restrictions of the zone gave the degree of protection against the newly emerged competitive theme park. The management however estimates the cost to be around $200 million with a minimum period of two years for constructing a new regional theme park similar to Six Flags. This business strategy adopted by the company has not only helped it in regaining its position but also ensure having a competitive advantage. However, for ensuring successful implementation of business strategy there should be an abundance cash flow and access to finance otherwise it will not be possible for Six Flags to undertake necessary expansion by implementing high tech attractions for quenching the visitors craving. Six Flags must ensure that the rides of the parks develop the concept of intellectual property or IP which is able to touch the riders not only at physical level but also at the emotional level. Attractions based on IP are part of ever flowing cycle. The success of the business strategy of Six Flag also depends on the help it receives from its international partners in strengthening its bottom line which implies that the theme park does not invest money on exchange of the any licensing deal with a local developer. The local develop on the other hand operates and builds a theme park based on the specifications put forward by the company representing theme park by paying a licensing fee that might be a fla t fee or a revenue percentage or both. These deals not only ensure a risk free cash flow to Six Flags but also enable the company to expand its brand to the newer markets. There is no point closing the parks for several months during certain periods. Six Flags as a part of its business strategy thus ensures that the theme parks have locations where the mild weather allows operations round the world. However, in this regard the company can ensure building facilities that are weather proof and which have the capability of staying open in conditions which are less ideal. Moreover, to implement a business strategy successfully and generate huge revenue the theme park must compete as a vacation destination with facilities of transport, hotels, dining facilities, entertainment and shopping. Thus, the more facilities a theme park is able to provide in addition to the quality time at the park for meeting the needs of the visitors, the more money Six Flags will make. However, parks that are unable to offer such amenities losses the money to other businesses. This leads to lesser cash flow for company operating the theme park for engaging in activities related to capital expansion. Thus, successful implementation of business strategy ensures necessary undertaking of certain initiatives by Six Flags. Research and Development Strategy The focus on innovation investment is the research and development strategy. According to this strategy, since it emergence from bankruptcy, the company has heavily made investments in the development of new products and rides. According to specific figures, the company devoted 6 percent of its capital to modernization (Blake Jones, 2017). These figures represented about 9 percent of its revenue. The company undertook sixteen major innovations added to eighteen parks of Six Flag. The innovations of the company however categorized into innovative show technologies, world record-breaking rides, and historic theme park transformations. The expenses of Six Flags have dropped to 61% after its emergence from bankruptcy. The actual figures of the drop in expenses were around $81,628,000 from $84, 219,000 within a gap of a year from 2013 to 2014. Similar to other amusement parks like Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, Six Flags have also initiated fixed set of expenses (Bandopadhyaya, Callahan, Shin, 2012). The company has also saved considerably on the variable cost for products sold outside tickets that includes souvenirs, drink and food. The expenses on these products reduced to $ 1.7 million within a years gap that is between the early parts of 2013 to 2014. Six Flag focused on transitioning from a national brand to regional brand. Most of visitors of Six Flag parks originate within a range of 150 miles. Therefore, the company implemented an operations strategy that helped in targeting the local guests to the local parks (Moore, 2016). This approach was different from the approach initially adopted by the company prior to its bankruptcy. The replacement marketing campaign of Six Flags inspired the regional and local residents to pay a visit to the park by promoting through local television, cinema, radio and digital media. Six Flags emphasized on social media campaigns through first person video posts. There has also been development of the local twitter and face book pages. There were also new contest and competitions in the park. The shift in marketing has therefore coincided with local marketing acquisition and social media platform for promotion of the park. To capture market position similar to Ferrari World, Six Flags plans to provide massive discounts on the admission fees. Coupons often found on the sides of cola cans that show directly in the kiosks of the park that helps them in getting major discounts (Bandopadhyaya, Callahan, Shin, 2012). The recent investor report of the company has highlighted that the local promotional coupons that had offerings on buying one and getting one free reduced. This had led to an increase in admissions per capita. The company also pushed the seasonal passes with the prediction that it will not only help in the generation of more revenue annually but will also increase the flow of cash compared to the number of visitors on a single day, help in building recurring revenue and help in utilizing excess capacity even during the periods of off-peak. Thus, incentives on the seasonal passes have resulted in increasing the season pass proliferation by 18%. The Board of Directors at Six Flag consists of seven members. Of them, Jim Reid Anderson and Usman Nabi are employees at Six Flags while the rest of the directors ensure board experience related to investment consulting, foodservice, entertainment, private equity, casinos and tobacco industry (Levitt, 2014). Executive Leadership Leadership also represents corporate governance. At Six Flags, leadership represents the various posts held by the different leaders. Lance Balk is a member of the general counsel whereas Marshall Barber is the chief financial officer (Investors.sixflags.com, 2017). Kathy Aslin is the senior vice president human resource whereas Danielle Bernthal holds the position of senior vice president, assistant general counsel and corporate strategist. Tom Iven and David McKillips hold the post of senior vice president along with looking after the United States park operations and in park service respectively. However, the international park operations looked upon by John Odum while Brett Petit looks after the sales and marketing. Stephen R. Purtell holds the position of investor relation and treasurer while Leonard Russ is responsible for strategic planning and analysis (Investors.sixflags.com, 2017). Operational tactical planning refers to the process of creation of linkage between strategic objective and goals to the tactical goals and objectives (Vieyra Vieyra, 2014). The strategy is undertaken by a company for describing success, success conditions and helps in explaining what portion of strategic plan needs to be put to operation during given period of operation. The Six Flag introduced the concept of Halloween Town for which there has been substantial change undertaken. This strategy was a huge success with over 9600 attendants. Six flag thus ensured the following steps to make the event a successful one: The new concept introduced especially targeted the families as they have tendency to spend 25% more on food and entertainment. Instead of concentrating on the tallest, scariest and the fastest rides the company now focused more on entertainment factors that are family friendly and includes mainly water rides and costumed characters. In addition, the company also focused on the play area for the toddlers. Introduction of Pocket Friendly Entertainment: Six flags tried to give its audience a mini Disney experience through the new concept of Halloween Town and a price much cheaper compared to the other Halloween attractions. Six Flags discarded the concept of Mr. Six and he is not to be found in any of the advertisements related to the Halloween town. The company also tried to introduce the concept of Dont burn mom. Through this strategy, the company focuses on introduction of not only family friendly ride but also street entertainment. The company also introduced more tweety birds thereby enabling children to take picture with them. This strategy enabled the company to earn accolades from most of the sectors. This tactical strategy has helped the company to revive its position which was to some extent lost due to bankruptcy. The retrenchment strategy adopted by Six Flag involved preparing the amusement parks for getting a thematic makeover (Investors.sixflags.com, 2017). Six Flags aims at an extensive process of changing the names of the parks and at the same time ensure a makeover that is thematic after its emergence from bankruptcy. As a part of the turnaround plan, the chief executive of Six Flags adopted objectives for increasing the corporate sponsorships, improving customer services and make the amusement park more appealing for the families (Macarthur, 2017). Thus, to bounce back and be in a position similar to Ferrari World, the focus was on turning Six Flags in to a business that focused on brining more people and getting them spend some quality time at the park. Moreover, the plans were on for setting up the marketing of parks. The theme park industry has a capital-intensive nature therefore companies responsible for aggressively financing growth with debt will necessarily possess a higher ratio to debt to equity. During the year, 2014, the debt to equity ratio was 4.0. This reflected that the company is financing the operations quite aggressively with the debt capital (marketrealist.com, 2015). However, the debt ratio for a capital-intensive industry standing at two is quite normal. Situation Analysis SWOT analysis The determination of situation analysis of Six Flag is through identification of strengths, weakness opportunities and threats. Similar to the Ferrari World, the strength of Six Flag lay in: The parks placement The introduction of innovative rides Generation of the theme aspect along with maintenance of rides with higher technology (Levitt, 2014). Cost advantage Leverage of assets Effectiveness in communication Presence of strong management team Presence of brand equity that is Strong Presence of a strong financial position Ensures reputation Management The weakness factors represents: The parks dependency on good weather Existence of seasonality in various parks Ensuring gauging of price. The theme parks lacked appeal towards the older generation Indulged in a process where hiring of employees took place in every season. Presence of a competitive market Opportunities of Six Flags represent: Entrance into the newer growing markets Enhanced growth on the internet and mobile media. The increased presence in the global markets The companys presence in the growing economy Threats to these theme parks represent: Race amongst rival operators. Government restrictions and policies that pose hindrance in operation of the park. Threat in the labor market due to the seasonal employees. Increase in the cost of the labor Presence of external business risk The industry analysis is done with the help of Porter which portrays the key pressures that a particular firm faces in the industry where there is existence of competitive advantage. The industry analysis done based on various factors that includes, bargaining power of suppliers, the threats faced from the new entrants, threat of the substitutes, bargaining power of the buyers and industry rivalry (Lillestol, Timothy, Goodman, 2015). Thus, the bargaining power of suppliers is quite high in case of Six Flags. However, Six Flags faces lower threat from the new entrants. As far as substitutes are concerned, it is quite high although the buyers possess medium bargaining powers. Further, Six Flags also faces higher industry rivalry. The organizational analysis is the PEST analysis that puts forward a framework for better understanding of the macroeconomic industry of the organization that is part of the amusement park industry. These however include political, economic, social and technological aspects. The political aspect implies that the regulation act of the government has negative influence on the net profits of the theme parks. The consideration of the economic factors of the amusement park industry shows a growth in revenue between 2.2 to 5.3 percent. The social factors represent the demographics on which a theme park is dependent (Strelets, 2012). This demographic represented by teenagers in the age group of ten to nineteen. Thus, any change in the demographics will directly affect the attendance in the park. However, as far as technology is concerned amusement parks focuses on utilization of technology based on three areas that are cost cutting, seasonal updates and overall guests experience (Khler, 201 3). Conclusion The essay ends with a note that Six Flags is the largest operator of theme park with a mission that aims at providing unique experience to its customers. After its emergence from bankruptcy, the company has not only embraced regional strategy but has also opted for new innovative rides. 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